A Survey of Process Monitoring Using Computer-Aided Inspection in Laser-Welded Blanks of Light Metals Based on the Digital Twins Concept

The benefits of laser welding include higher production values, deeper penetration, speeds, adaptability, and power density. These characteristics make a superior process. Many industries are aware the switching to lasers. For example, metal-joining is migrating modern industrial technology due improved yields, design flexibility, energy efficiency. However, for an process be optimized intelligent manufacturing in era Industry 4.0, it must captured online using high-quality data. Laser aluminum alloys presents daunting challenge, mainly because less reliable material than other commercial metals such as steel, primarily its physical properties: high thermal conductivity, reflectivity, low viscosity. plates were fixed by special fixture, validate alignments improve measurement accuracy, Computer-Aided Inspection (CAI) 3D scanning was adopted. Certain literature has suggested real-time monitoring techniques solution critical problems associated with welding. Real-time technologies essential improving efficiency guaranteeing product quality. This paper critically reviews research findings advances during last 10 years. In present work, specific methodology originating from laser-welded blanks reviewed candidate digital twin. Moreover, novel model based on CAI cloud proposed.